Ketoconazole .

Product Description

Among the conditions that ketoconazole topical treats is athlete's foot, jock itch, ringworm, and seborrhea (dry, flaky skin or dandruff). It works by killing the infection causing yeast (fungi) that causes infection. Usually, creams and shampoos cause irritated or red skin.

Properties:

• Name: Ketoconazole
• CAS No.: 65277-42-1      
• Formula: C₂₆H₂₈Cl₂H₄O₄
• Molecular Weight: 531.44
• Deleted CAS: 72093-26-6
• Synonyms: Ketoconazole [USAN: BAN: INN: JAN]; Prestwick_744;Fungarest;1-[4-[4-[[(2R,4S)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy]phenyl]piperazin-1-yl]ethanone;Fungoral;Ketoconazol;Piperazine, 1-acetyl-4-(4-((2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl)methoxy)phenyl)-, cis-;Ketoconazol [INN-Spanish];1-acetyl-4-(4-{[(2S,4R)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy}phenyl)piperazine;Ketoconazole (JAN/USP);Nizoral (TN);KW-1414;(+-)-cis-1-Acetyl-4-(p-((2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl)methoxy)phenyl)piperazine;Nizoral;cis-1-acetyl-4-(4-((2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1h-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-diox olan- 4-yl)methoxy)phenyl)-piperazine; Ketoderm;cis-1-Acetyl-4-[4-[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-cmidazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-ylmethoxy]phenyl]pipenazine;
• EINECS: 265-667-4
• Density: 1.38 cm3
• Melting Point: 146 ÂC
• Boiling Point: 753.4 ÂC at 760 mmHg
• Flash Point: 409.4 ÂC
• Appearance: White powder
• Risk Codes: 25-36/37/38-23/24/25
• Safety Description: 36-45-36/37/39-26
• Transport Information: UN 2811 6.1/PG 3

Applications. Or where it is used:

Patients can use this topical drug to treat skin infections such as athlete's foot, jock itch, and ringworm. Tinea Versicolor is one of the skin conditions treated by Ketoconazole; it is a fungal infection that causes the skin to lighten or darken.

How to use:

Put a small amount of water on your skin before applying ketoconazole shampoo. Make sure you cover a large area around the affected area with the shampoo. As you rub the shampoo, it will form a lather. Wait five minutes before washing off.

Dosage of usage:

• For Fungal Infections
• A medication prescribed to treat systemic fungal infections in patients who have not responded to conventional therapy:   chromomycosis, and paracoccidioidomycosis
• Adult: 200-400 mg/day orally
•  Children under 2 years old: Safety and efficacy not established
•  Children 2 years old and older: 3.3-6.6 mg/kg/day orally

Side effects:

Common side effects of Ketoconazole are:

•  Itching or skin rash
• Nausea and vomiting
•  Abdominal or stomach pain

Less common side effects of ketoconazole are:

• Hair loss
• Indigestion
• Changes in taste
• Liver damage
• Chills
• Bulging fontanelles
• Depression
• Swollen breast tissue in males
• Diarrea
• Headache
• Dizziness

High levels of fat in the blood hyperlideme

• Drowsiness
• Fever
• Impotence
• Low blood platelet count (thrombocytopenia)
• Low white blood cell count
• Yellow skin and eyes (jaundice)
• Decreased platelet count
• Dry skin
• Sensitivity to sunlight
• Loss of interest in sex

Warnings and precautions while using this product:

Warnings

• The use of antifungal tablets should be restricted to cases when other treatment options are unavailable or untolerable, and the likely benefits outweigh the potential risks.
• Liver damage (hepatotoxicity) has been reported with oral use of this drug, including some fatalities or resulting in liver transplants in some patients with no obvious liver risk factors.
• Take this medication only if you are not allergic to ketoconazole or any of the ingredients in it
•  A child should not be able to reach the product.

Cautions

•   Use tablets as a last resort; it should only be used when other effective antifungal therapies are unavailable or not tolerated and the potential benefits outweigh any potential liver damage (hepatotoxicity).
• There is no benefit to using tablets to treat skin and nail fungal infections due to its high risk of liver damage, adrenal gland problems, and interactions with other medications, which outweigh its benefit to treating these conditions, which are not approved uses for the drug. 
• Hypersensitivity to other azoles
• Liver damage reported, such as fatalities or liver transplantation
• It may cause prolonged hypnotic and sedative effects, decreasing the metabolism of oral midazolam and oral triazolam
• A possibility for breast tissue to enlarge in males (gynecomastia) (drug anti-androgenic properties)